The robotic production line and methods of flexible and chaotic production

ABSTRACT

The robotic production line and methods of flexible and chaotic production The robotic production line is developed in order to provide that glue dispensing, gasket dispensing, potting, weighing, assembling, marking, quality control tasks for production of workpieces having different types and sizes as well as workpieces required to be processed with different combinations of tasks are performed in a compact robotic production line capable of flexible and chaotic production. The robotic production line brings significant advantages such as lower labour and production costs, shorter cycle time, improved quality and reliability, smaller production space, less raw material consumption, less production waste, lower number of defected products and increased safety comparing to conventional manual or semi-automatic production systems.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The invention relates to a robotic production line developed in order to provide that glue dispensing, gasket dispensing, potting, weighing, assembling, marking, quality control tasks for production of workpieces having different types and sizes as well as workpieces required to be processed with different combinations of tasks are performed in a compact robotic production line capable of flexible and chaotic production. The robotic production line brings significant advantages such as lower labour and production costs, shorter cycle time, improved quality and reliability, smaller production space, less raw material consumption, less production waste, lower number of defected products and increased safety comparing to conventional manual or semi-automatic production systems.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Manufacturers must continually improve operations to achieve maximum efficiency and sustainable revenue growth. Meeting customer demands for better, faster, and higher-quality products all with the aim of lowering manufacturing costs is an important factor.

Production of a workpiece may include the following tasks; glue dispensing, gasket dispensing, potting, weighing, assembling, marking, quality control and handling of workpieces for picking, placing and rotating. Manual and semi-automatic operation of these tasks relies on operator performance to achieve a certain accuracy, consistency, repeatability and speed which is difficult to be ensured in repetitive work cycles. Semi-automatic or manual operations may cause longer cycle time, set-up time and longer adaptation time requirement for workers during product type change, and error in dispensing trajectory tracking, irregularity in dosing quantity which leads to quality and reliability problems, increased material waste and higher number of defected products which results in lower production efficiency. Exposure to chemicals, handling heavy products and man-machine interaction increases safety risks. For example, in case of manual glue dispensing and potting applications, an insufficient amount of glue or potting material cause quality problems of bonding or sealing and besides an excessive amount of glue or potting material to guarantee bonding or sealing of workpieces increases the manufacturing cost.

Global competitive environment forces manufacturers reduce their costs with a greater production volume. Reducing factory floor usage with compact and multi-functional operating systems and continuous operation create capacity for new business. Multi-shift operation is a preferred method to increase the production rate with continuous operation. However, labour-intense multiple-shift operations cause difficulties such as the fatigue and disconnection because of the fact that the personnel changes in every shift. This significantly increases the risk of incidents and operational problems such as lower throughput, poor communication and higher levels of waste.

Manufacturing many different kinds of products which appeal to diversified sectors is getting more important in today's business. In some fields of industry, small batch production capability may bring competitive advantage but with a challenge of set-up time required between batches.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The main purpose of the invention is to provide that glue dispensing, gasket dispensing, potting, weighing, assembling, marking, quality control tasks for production of workpieces having different types and sizes as well as workpieces required to be processed with different combinations of tasks are performed in a compact robotic production line capable of flexible and chaotic production. The robotic production line brings significant advantages such as lower labour and production costs, shorter cycle time, improved quality and reliability, smaller production space, less raw material consumption, less production waste, lower number of defected products and increased safety comparing to conventional manual or semi-automatic production systems.

Workpieces of different types and sizes as well as workpieces required to be processed with different combinations of tasks are processed in the robotic production line allowing so-called flexible production. Workpieces of different types and sizes as well as workpieces required to be processed with different combinations of tasks are fed randomly to the robotic production line and processed on the same process conveyors in the same production cycle allowing so-called chaotic production as depicted in FIG. 11. The present invention allows mixed and small batch production which comes from the flexible and chaotic production capability.

The structural and characteristic features of the invention and all of its advantages shall be understood better with the figures and the detailed description given below in reference to the figures, and therefore, the assessment should be made by taking into account the said figures and detailed explanations.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is an illustration of depicting an overall configuration of one robot (R1) and two process conveyors (PC1) and (PC2)

FIG. 2 is an illustration of depicting an overall configuration of two robots (R1), (R2) and four process conveyors (PC1), (PC2), (PC3), (PC4)

FIG. 3 is an illustration of depicting an overall configuration of three robots (R1), (R2), (R3) and six process conveyors (PC1), (PC2), (PC3), (PC4), (PC5) and (PC6)

FIG. 4 is an illustration of depicting a workpiece (W) as in the form of V-Filter having dirty and clean side glue, side channels glue, clean and dirty side gaskets

FIG. 5 is an illustration of depicting a workpiece (W) as in the form of V-Filter which is placed on a process conveyor with dirty side is down

FIG. 6 is an illustration of depicting a workpiece (W) as in the form of V-Filter having a gasket on the clean side

FIG. 7 is an illustration of depicting a workpiece (W) as in the form of V-Filter which is placed on a process conveyor with clean side is down

FIG. 8 is an illustration of depicting a workpiece (W) as in the form of V-Filter having a gasket on the dirty side

FIG. 9 is an illustration of robot (R2) positioned at robot position (RP) and V-Filters to be transferred from the process conveyors (PC3) and (PC4) onto the unloading system (US)

FIG. 10 is an illustration of robot (R2) positioned at robot position (RP) and V-Filters transferred onto the unloading system (US).

FIG. 11 is an illustration of the robotic production line (RPL) in the process of chaotic production with mixed types and sizes of workpieces (W).

REFERENCE NUMBERS

-   RPL Robotic production line -   R1, R2 and R3 Robots -   RC1 and RC2 Robot controllers -   SC System controller -   WIS Workpiece identification system -   TU Linear travelling unit -   TA1 and TA2 Traveling axes -   PC1, PC2, PC3, PC4, PC5 and PC6 Process conveyors -   W Workpiece -   WS Working station -   FWS First working station -   PFU Raw material preparation and feeding unit -   CS1 and CS2 Cleaning stations -   US Unloading system -   EE1 and EE2 Multi-purpose end effectors -   CD Conveying direction of the robotic production line -   FS Feeding system -   FC Conveyance direction of the workpiece feeding -   ICC Interconnection conveyor -   MWLS Manual workpiece loading station -   AC Accumulation conveyor -   SC Shuttle conveyor -   TC Transfer conveyor -   WPC Workpiece positioning conveyor -   UP Unloading position -   RP Robot position -   TP1 and TP2 Transferring positions

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The required tasks associated with production of a workpiece (W) may include one or combinations of any tasks such as glue dispensing, gasket dispensing, potting, weighing, assembling, marking, quality control. The robotic production line (RPL) may have any desired configuration, so as to execute the required tasks for production of a workpiece (W). The fundamental units of the present invention are one or a plurality of robots having a mechanical configuration of an articulated robot, a plurality of process conveyors, one or a plurality of robot controllers, a system controller (SC), a feeding system (FS), a workpiece identification system (WIS), a linear travelling unit (TU) on which one or a plurality of robots travel by means of a travel axis for each robot, an unloading system (US), one or a plurality of multi-purpose end effectors and additional subsystems. Depending on the task requirements, a combination of the additional subsystems are added to the overall configuration, such as raw material preparation and feeding units (PFU), cleaning stations, quality control stations, vacuum generators, machine vision systems, laser measurement systems for correcting the position and orientation of the workpieces (W), inspection systems and safety systems.

One or a plurality of recipes for processing workpieces (W) of different types and sizes as well as workpieces (W) required to be processed with different combinations of tasks are programmed and stored in the system controller (SC). The recipes are composed of workpiece (W) transferring to and unloading from the process conveyors, conveying workpieces (W) between the process conveyors, one or combinations of the following tasks glue dispensing, gasket dispensing, potting, weighing, assembling, marking, quality control and handling of workpieces (W) for picking, placing and rotating.

The number and the type of the tasks assigned to the robots for production of a workpiece (W); the number of the robots; the number and the length of the process conveyors; the length of the linear travelling unit (TU) may have any desired configuration so long as to accomplish the required tasks with a targeted production rate.

Some embodiments of the present invention are listed below for workpieces (W) as in the form of V-Filters, as depicted in FIG. 4 and hereinafter referred simply to as a workpiece (W), for which the required tasks to be performed may include any combination of the following tasks; glue dispensing for two side channels, glue dispensing for clean and dirty sides, gasket dispensing for clean and dirty sides, and quality control.

Some embodiments of the present invention are described below, in detail, with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, same or similar components are denoted by common reference numerals.

One robot (R1) and two process conveyors (PC1) and (PC2), as depicted in FIG. 1, for execution of two tasks which are glue dispensing for two side channels, as depicted in FIG. 4.1 and FIG. 4.2

One robot (R1) and two process conveyors (PC1) and (PC2), as depicted in FIG. 2, for three tasks which are glue dispensing for two side channels, as depicted in FIG. 4.1 and FIG. 4.2, and gasket dispensing for clean side, as depicted in FIG. 4.3

Two robots (R1) and (R2) and four process conveyors (PC1), (PC2), (PC3) and (PC4), as depicted in FIG. 2, for four tasks; the first robot (R1) for glue dispensing for two side channels, as depicted in FIG. 4.1 and FIG. 4.2, the second robot (R2) for gasket dispensing for dirty and clean sides, as depicted in FIG. 4.2 and FIG. 4.3.

Two robots (R1) and (R2) and four process conveyors (PC1), (PC2), (PC3) and (PC4), as depicted in FIG. 2, for four tasks; the first robot (R1) for glue dispensing for two side channels, as depicted in FIG. 4.1 and FIG. 4.2, and the second robot (R2) for glue dispensing for dirty and clean sides, as depicted in FIG. 4.1 and FIG. 4.3.

Three robots (R1), (R2) and (R3) and six process conveyors (PC1), (PC2), (PC3), (PC4), (PC5) and (PC6), as depicted in FIG. 3, for six tasks; the first robot (R1) for glue dispensing for two side channels, as depicted in FIG. 4.1 and FIG. 4.2, the second robot (R2) for glue dispensing for dirty and clean sides, as depicted in FIG. 4.1 and FIG. 4.3, the third robot (R3) for gasket dispensing for dirty and clean sides, as depicted in FIG. 4.2 and FIG. 4.3.

Three robots (R1), (R2) and (R3) and six process conveyors (PC1), (PC2), (PC3), (PC4), (PC5) and (PC6), as depicted in FIG. 3, for five tasks; the first robot (R1) for glue dispensing for two side channels, as depicted in FIG. 4.1 and FIG. 4.2, the second robot (R2) for gasket dispensing for dirty and clean sides, as depicted in FIG. 4.2 and FIG. 4.3, the third robot (R3) for quality control.

Three robots (R1), (R2) and (R3) and six process conveyors (PC1), (PC2), (PC3), (PC4), (PC5) and (PC6), as depicted in FIG. 3, for three tasks; the first robot (R1) for glue dispensing for one side channel, as depicted in FIG. 4.1 and FIG. 4.2, the second robot (R2) for glue dispensing for the other side channel, as depicted in FIG. 4.1 and FIG. 4.2, the third robot (R3) for quality control.

First, an overall configuration of the robotic production line (RPL) as depicted in FIG. 2, to which a robotic production line according to one embodiment of the present invention is applied, will be described with reference to FIG. 2.

Referring to FIG. 2, robotic production line (RPL) comprises of a plurality of the robots (R1) and (R2) having a mechanical configuration of an articulated robot; a plurality of the process conveyors (PC1), (PC2), (PC3) and (PC4); a plurality of the robot controllers (RC1) and (RC2); and the system controller (SC); the feeding system (FS); the workpiece identification system (WIS), the linear travelling unit (TU); unloading system (US); and multi-purpose end effectors (EE1) and (EE2); the additional subsystems of the raw material preparation and feeding unit (PFU) and the cleaning stations (CS1) and (CS2).

The workpiece identification system (WIS) is configured so that the workpieces (W) are identified by means of such as one or the combinations of a barcode reader, machine vision and sensors and associated with their recipes before the workpieces (W) are positioned on the workpiece positioning conveyor (WPC).

The feeding system (FS) may have any desired configuration so long as different sizes and types of workpieces (W) can be fed to the feeding system (FS), automatically from an existing production line or automatically by means of an auxiliary loading system or manually by a human operator, wherein the workpieces (W) are transferred and positioned, in order to facilitate that the robot (R1) can pick the workpieces (W) up with a required position precision. In the embodiment depicted in FIG. 2, the feeding system (FS) includes the interconnection conveyor (ICC), the manual workpiece loading station (MWLS), the accumulation conveyor (AC), the shuttle conveyor (SC), the transfer conveyor (TC) and the workpiece positioning conveyor (WPC). The interconnection conveyor (ICC) enables integration with an existing production line or with an auxiliary loading system for the purpose of automatic workpiece (W) feeding from an existing production line or from an auxiliary loading system to the feeding system (FS). The manual workpiece loading station (MWLS) facilitates manual workpiece feeding, whereby the workpieces (W) are loaded into the feeding system (FS) manually by a human operator. The accumulation conveyor (AC) enables accumulation of workpieces (W). The shuttle conveyor (SC) is used to change the conveyance direction of the workpiece feeding (FC) by 180 degrees. The transfer conveyor (TC) is used to transfer the workpieces (W) from the shuttle conveyor (SC) to the workpiece positioning conveyor (WPC). The workpiece positioning conveyor (WPC) is used in order to facilitate that the robot (R1) can pick the workpieces (W) up with a required position precision in order to place the workpieces (W) onto the process conveyors (PC1) and (PC2).

The process conveyors (PC1), (PC2), (PC3) and (PC4) are configured so that different sizes and types of workpieces (W) can be placed on, in order to facilitate the robots (R1) and (R2) to perform their tasks as programmed in the recipe of each workpiece (W). The number and the length of the process conveyors (PC1), (PC2), (PC3) and (PC4) are determined according to the required number of the working stations (WS), the sizes of workpieces (W) and the process requirements. In the embodiment depicted in FIG. 2, four process conveyors (PC1), (PC2), (PC3) and (PC4), and five working stations (WS) for each process conveyors (PC1), (PC2), (PC3) and (PC4) are configured. The robots (R1) and (R2) start to perform the tasks from the first working stations (FWS) of the process conveyors (PC1), (PC2), (PC3) and (PC4) in the conveying direction of the robotic production line (CD).

The unloading system (US) is configured so that different sizes and types of workpieces (W) can be placed on by the robot (R2), in order to move the workpieces (W) to the unloading position (UP), as depicted in FIG. 2. The workpieces (W) can be unloaded from the unloading position (UP), as depicted in FIG. 2, manually by a human operator or automatically by an auxiliary system or automatically conveyed by the unloading system to an existing line.

As depicted in FIG. 2, the linear traveling unit (TU), which consists of a plurality of the traveling axes (TA1) and (TA2) for the robots respectively (R1) and (R2), is installed between the process conveyors (PC1), (PC2), (PC3) and (PC4). The robots (R1) and (R2) travel on the traveling unit (TU) to perform their tasks as programmed in the recipe of each workpiece (W) on each working station (WS) of the process conveyors (PC1), (PC2), (PC3) and (PC4). The length of the linear travelling unit (TU) is determined based on the length of the process conveyors and the position of the feeding system (FS) and the unloading system (US). The number of traveling axes, such as (TA1) and (TA2) are determined according to the number of the robots. In the embodiment depicted in FIG. 2, two travelling axes (TA1) and (TA2) for the robots respectively (R1) and (R2) are configured.

The multi-purpose end effectors (EE1) and (EE2) are attached respectively to the wrists of the robots (R1) and (R2) and adapted for being manipulated by the robots allowing the robots to perform their tasks as programmed in the recipe of each workpiece (W). The mechanical configuration of the end-effectors (EE1) and (EE2) may have any desired configuration so long as the robots can perform their tasks as programmed in the recipe of each workpiece (W).

In the embodiment depicted in FIG. 2, there is a raw material preparation and feeding unit (PFU) which may have any desired configuration so long as the robots (R1) and (R2) can perform the assigned tasks associated with the workpieces (W) such as glue and gasket dispensing tasks.

In the embodiment depicted in FIG. 2, there are two cleaning stations (CS1) and (CS2) on which flushing, pre-dispensing, sample dispensing and calibration of multi-purpose end-effectors respectively (EE1) and (EE2), which may be necessary for gasket and glue dispensing tasks, are executed.

Referring to FIG. 2, the robotic production line (RPL) includes the robot controllers (RC1) and (RC2) for controlling respectively the robots (R1), (R2) and the linear travelling unit (TU).

The system controller (SC) is used to store the recipes and to control the feeding system (FS), the process conveyors (PC1), (PC2), (PC3) and (PC4) and the unloading system (US), the workpiece identification system (WIS), the raw material preparation and feeding unit (PFU), the multi-purpose end-effectors (EE1) and (EE2), the process flow and the following additional subsystems: the raw material preparation and feeding unit (PFU), the cleaning stations (CS1) and (CS2).

Description of Process

A recipe for processing of each type and size of workpieces (W) is programmed and stored in the system controller (SC). The recipe is composed of workpiece (W) transferring to the process conveyors (PC1) and (PC2), workpiece (W) unloading from the process conveyors (PC3) and (PC4), conveying workpieces (W) between the process conveyors (PC1), (PC2), (PC3) and (PC4) and the following tasks: the tasks assigned to the robot (R1) including glue dispensing for two side channels, as depicted in FIG. 4.1 and FIG. 4.2, and workpiece (W) handling of picking, placing and rotating; the tasks assigned to the robot (R2) including gasket dispensing for dirty and clean sides, as depicted in FIG. 4.2 and FIG. 4.3, and workpiece handling of picking and placing and rotating.

The workpieces (W), which are fed to the feeding system (FS) automatically from an existing production line or by means of an auxiliary loading system or manually by a human operator, are accumulated and then positioned one by one on the workpiece positioning conveyor (WPC), wherein the workpieces (W) are identified by means of the workpiece identification system (WIS).

The robot (R1) travels on the traveling unit (TU), picks the workpieces (W) from the workpiece positioning conveyor (WPC) one by one by using the end-effector (EE1), and then places the workpieces (W) onto the first working station (FWS) of the process conveyors (PC1), in a way so that one of the side channels of the workpiece (W), as depicted in Figure FIG. 4.2, is down on the process conveyors (PC1). The process conveyor (PC1) moves the workpiece (W) from the first working station (FWS) to the next working station (WS) in the conveying direction of the robotic production line (CD) emptying the first working station (FWS) in order to allow the robot (R1) to place another workpiece onto the first working station (FWS) of the process conveyor (PC1). This process is repeated until the fed workpieces (W) are finished or all working stations (WS) of the process conveyors (PC1) are full. If there are more workpieces (W) fed from the feeding system (FS) the robot (R1) picks the workpieces (W) from the workpiece positioning conveyor (WPC) one by one by using the end-effector (EE1), and then places the workpieces (W) onto the first working station (FWS) of the process conveyors (PC2), in a way so that one of the side channels of the workpiece (W), as depicted in Figure FIG. 4.2, is down on the process conveyors (PC2). The process conveyor (PC2) moves the workpiece (W) from the first working station (FWS) to the next working station (WS) in the conveying direction of the robotic production line (CD) emptying the first working station (FWS) in order to allow the robot (R1) to place another workpiece onto the first working station (FWS) of the process conveyor (PC2). This process is repeated until the fed workpieces (W) are finished or all working stations (WS) of the process conveyors (PC2) are full.

The robot (R1) does pre-dispensing at the cleaning station (CS1) and then the robot (R1) travels on the linear travelling unit (TU) and get positioned for the workpiece (W) at the first working station (FWS) of the process conveyor (PC1), in order to dispense glue on to the first side channels of the workpiece (W), as depicted in FIG. 4.2. The robot (R1) repeats the glue dispensing task one by one for the other workpieces (W) which are on the other working stations (WS) of process conveyors (PC1) and (PC2). After completion of glue dispensing task on to the first side channels of workpieces (W) on the process conveyors (PC1) and (PC2), the robot (R1) travels to the cleaning station (CS1) and then does flushing. After flushing the robot (R1) gets positioned for the workpiece (W) at the first working station (FWS) of the process conveyor (PC1) in order to pick up and rotate the workpiece (W), in a way so that the other side channels of the workpiece (W) is down, as depicted in Figure FIG. 4.2, and then places the workpiece (W) back on to the same working station (WS). The robot (R1) repeats the rotation task one by one for the other workpieces (W) which are on the other working stations (WS) of the process conveyors (PC1) and (PC2).

Robot (R1) does pre-dispensing at the cleaning station (CS1) and then the robot (R1) travels on the linear travelling unit (TU) and get positioned for the workpiece (W) at the first working station (FWS) of the process conveyor (PC1), in order to dispense glue on to the second side channels of the workpiece (W), as depicted in FIG. 4.2. The robot (R1) repeats the dispensing task one by one for the other workpieces (W) which are on the other working stations (WS) of the process conveyors (PC1) and (PC2). After completion of the glue dispensing task on to the second side channels of workpieces (W) on the process conveyors (PC1) and (PC2) the workpieces (W) are moved by the process conveyors (PC1) and (PC2) to the next process conveyors (PC3) and (PC4) in the conveying direction of the robotic production line (CD). In the meantime, the robot (R1) travels to the cleaning station (CS1) to do flushing and get positioned to pick the new workpieces (W), which are fed by means of the feeding system (FS), and place the new workpieces (W) on to the process conveyors (PC1) and (PC2).

After the workpieces (W) on the process conveyors (PC1) and (PC2) have been moved respectively on to the process conveyors (PC3) and (PC4) in the conveying direction of the robotic production line (CD), as depicted in the Figure FIG. 2, the robot (R2) travels on the linear travelling unit (TU) and gets positioned for the workpiece (W) at the first working station (FWS) of the process conveyor (PC3). The robot (R2) picks up and rotates the workpiece (W) in a way so that the dirty side of the workpiece (W) is down and then places the workpiece (W) back on to the same working station (WS) as depicted in FIG. 5. The robot (R2) repeats the rotation task one by one for the other workpieces (W) which are on the other working stations (WS) of process conveyors (PC3) and (PC4). The robot (R2) does pre-dispensing at the cleaning station (CS2) and then the robot (R2) travels on the linear travelling unit (TU) and gets positioned for the workpiece (W) at the first working station (FWS) of the process conveyor (PC3), in order to dispense gasket on to the clean side of the workpiece (W), as depicted in FIG. 6. The robot (R2) repeats the gasket dispensing task one by one for the other workpieces (W) which are on the other working stations (WS) of the process conveyors (PC3) and (PC4). After completion of gasket dispensing on to the clean side of the workpieces (W) on the process conveyors (PC3) and (PC4) the robot (R2) travels to the cleaning station (CS2) and then does flushing. After flushing the robot (R2) gets positioned for the workpiece (W) at the first working station (FWS) of the process conveyor (PC3) in order to pick up and rotate the workpiece (W) in a way so that the clean side is down and then places the workpiece (W) back on to the same working station (WS), as depicted in FIG. 7. The robot (R2) repeats the rotation task one by one for the other workpieces (W) which are on the other working stations (WS) of the process conveyors (PC3) and (PC4). The robot (R2) does pre-dispensing at the cleaning station (CS2) and then the robot (R2) travels on the linear travelling unit (TU) and gets positioned for the workpiece (W) at the first working station (FWS) of the process conveyor (PC3), in order to dispense gasket on to the dirty side of the workpiece (W), as depicted in FIG. 8. The robot (R2) repeats the dispensing task one by one for the other workpieces (W) which are on the other working stations (WS) of the process conveyors (PC3) and (PC4). After completion of gasket dispensing on to dirty side of the workpieces (W) on the process conveyors (PC3) and (PC4) the robot (R2) travels on the traveling unit (TU) and gets positioned at the robot position (RP) then picks up the workpiece (W) from the transferring position (TP1) and places the workpiece (W) onto the unloading system (US). After the robot (R2) picks the workpiece (W) up from the transferring position (TP1), the process conveyor (PC3) moves the next workpiece (W) to the transferring position (TP1) in the conveying direction of the robotic production line (CD), as depicted in FIG. 9. Workpiece (W) unloading onto the unloading system (US) is repeated until all the workpieces (W) on the process conveyor (PC3) are unloaded and then the robot (R2) starts to unload the workpieces (W) from the process conveyor (PC4). After the robot (R2) picks the workpiece (W) up from the transferring position (TP2), the process conveyor (PC4) moves the next workpiece (W) to the transferring position (TP2) in the conveying direction of the robotic production line (CD), as depicted in FIG. 9. Workpiece (W) unloading onto the unloading system (US) is repeated until all the workpieces (W) on the process conveyor (PC4) are unloaded. By this way, all the workpieces (W) on the process conveyors (PC3) and (PC4) are unloaded on to the unloading system (US) as depicted in FIG. 10.

While the invention has been described with reference to specific preferred embodiments, it will be understood, by those skilled in the art, that various changes or modifications may be made thereto without departing from the scope of the claims. 

1. The robotic production line (RPL), comprising: one or a plurality of recipes programmed for processing workpieces (W) of different types and sizes as well as workpieces (W) required to be processed with different combinations of tasks, which are composed of workpiece (W) transferring to and unloading from the process conveyors, conveying workpieces (W) between the process conveyors, one or combinations of the following tasks: glue dispensing, gasket dispensing, potting, weighing, assembling, marking, quality control and handling of workpieces (W) for picking, placing and rotating; one or a plurality of robots having a mechanical configuration of an articulated robot to which one or a plurality of tasks are assigned; one or a plurality of multi-purpose end effectors attached to the wrist of the robots and adapted for being manipulated by the robots allowing the robots to perform their tasks as programmed in the recipe of each workpiece (W); a feeding system (FS), which transfers the workpieces (W) directly to the process conveyors or to the robots allowing the robots to pick the workpieces (W) up from the feeding system (FS) and to place the workpieces (W) onto the process conveyors, wherein the workpieces (W) are transferred, rotated and positioned with a required position precision, and wherein the workpieces (W) are loaded manually by a human operator or automatically from an existing production line or from an auxiliary loading system into the feeding system (FS); an unloading system (US) for unloading of the workpieces (W) from the unloading system (US) manually by a human operator or automatically by an auxiliary system or conveying of the workpieces (W) by the unloading system (US) to an existing line; a linear travelling unit (TU) which consists of a travel axis for each of the robots allowing robots to travel on the travelling unit (TU), wherein the length of the linear travelling unit (TU) is determined based on the length of the process conveyors, the position of the feeding system (FS) and the unloading system (US); one or a plurality of process conveyors positioned in-line and next to each other in the conveying direction of the robotic production line (CD) and positioned parallel to and at one or both sides of a linear travelling unit (TU), wherein the number and the lengths of the process conveyors are determined based on the number of the working stations (WS), the sizes of the workpieces (W) and the process requirements, wherein workpieces (W) of different types and sizes as well as workpieces (W) required to be processed with different combinations of tasks are processed in the robotic production line (RPL) allowing so-called flexible production, and wherein workpieces (W) of different types and sizes as well as workpieces (W) required to be processed with different combinations of tasks are fed randomly to the robotic production line (RPL) and processed on the same process conveyors in the same production cycle allowing so-called chaotic production; a plurality of working stations (WS) determined on each of the process conveyors, wherein the tasks for the workpieces (W) are performed by each robot travelling on the linear travelling unit (TU) to a pre-defined position for each working station (WS) and performing their tasks as programmed in the recipe of each workpiece (W) positioned on the working stations (WS) on the process conveyors positioned at one or both sides of the linear travelling unit (TU), wherein the workpieces (W) are conveyed from the working stations (WS) to the working stations (WS) of the next process conveyors in the conveying direction of the robotic production line (CD) if further tasks to be processed in the working stations of the next process conveyors, wherein the number of the working stations (WS) are determined based on the production rate and the process requirements; a workpiece identification system (WIS) whereby the workpieces (W) are identified and associated with their recipes; one or a plurality of additional subsystems comprising one or combinations of the following units; raw material preparation and feeding units, cleaning stations, quality control stations, vacuum generators, machine vision systems, laser measurement systems for correcting the position and orientation of the workpieces (W), inspection systems and safety systems; one or a plurality of transferring positions programmed in the recipes, to which the workpieces (W) are conveyed from the working stations (WS) of the process conveyors if no further tasks to be processed for the workpieces (W), wherein the workpieces (W) are transferred from the transferring position into the unloading system (US) directly by the process conveyors or by the robots after completion of the tasks for each workpiece (W); one or a plurality of robot controllers for controlling the robots and the linear travelling unit (TU); a system controller (SC) for storing the recipes and controlling the feeding system (FS), the process conveyors, the unloading system (US), the workpiece identification system (WIS), the process flow and the additional subsystems;
 2. The robotic production line (RPL) according to claim 1, wherein the feeding system comprises of: an interconnection conveyor (ICC), whereby the workpieces (W) are fed to the feeding system (FS) automatically from an existing production line or automatically from an auxiliary loading system, a manual workpiece loading station (MWLS), whereby the workpieces (W) are loaded into the feeding system (FS) manually by a human operator, an accumulation conveyor (AC), which accumulates workpieces (W), a shuttle conveyor (SC), whereby the conveyance direction of the workpiece feeding (FC) are changed, a transfer conveyor (TC), which transfers the workpieces (W) from the shuttle conveyor (SC) to the workpiece positioning conveyor (WPC), a workpiece positioning conveyor (WPC), whereby the workpieces (W) are positioned allowing the robots to pick the workpieces up from the feeding system (FS) with a required position precision and to place the workpieces (W) onto the process conveyors.
 3. The robotic production line (RPL) according to claim 1, wherein the workpiece identification system (WIS) is configured to facilitate workpiece (W) identification by means of one or the combinations of a barcode reader, machine vision and sensors.
 4. The robotic production line (RPL) according to claim 1, wherein the workpieces (W) are in the form of V-filters, compact air filters, panel filters, HEPA filters and ULPA filters.
 5. A method for operating a robotic production line (RPL), it is characterized by comprising the operation steps of: programming of one or a plurality of recipes for processing workpieces (W) of different types and sizes as well as workpieces (W) required to be processed with different combinations of tasks, the recipes being composed of workpiece (W) transferring to and unloading from the process conveyors, conveying workpieces (W) between the process conveyors, one or combinations of the following tasks glue dispensing, gasket dispensing, potting, weighing, assembling, marking, quality control and handling of workpieces for picking, placing and rotating, one or a plurality of tasks assigned to one or a plurality of robots having a mechanical configuration of an articulated robot; storing recipes into a system controller (SC) which controls the feeding system (FS), the process conveyors, the unloading system (US), the workpiece identification system (WIS), the process flow and one or a plurality of additional subsystems comprising one or combinations of the following units raw material preparation and feeding units (PFU), cleaning stations (CS), quality control stations, vacuum generators, machine vision systems, laser measurement systems for correcting the position and orientation of the workpieces, inspection systems and safety systems; feeding of workpieces (W) by the feeding system (FS), the feeding system (FS) transferring, rotating and positioning the workpieces (W) with a required position precision, the workpieces (W) being loaded manually or automatically from an existing production line or from an auxiliary loading system in to the feeding system (FS); identifying workpieces (W) and associating each workpiece (W) with their recipe by means of the workpiece identification system (WIS); transferring of the workpieces (W) from the feeding system (FS) directly to the process conveyors by the feeding system (FS) or to the robots allowing the robots to pick the workpieces (W) up from the feeding system (FS) and to place the workpieces (W) onto the process conveyors, one or a plurality of process conveyors being positioned in-line and next to each other in the conveying direction of the robotic production line (CD) and positioned parallel to and at one or both sides of a linear travelling unit (TU), the robots travelling on the linear travelling unit (TU) consisting of a travel axis for each of the robots, one or a plurality of multi-purpose end effectors being attached to the wrist of the robots and adapted for being manipulated by the robots allowing the robots to perform their tasks as programmed in the recipe of each workpiece (W), the number of the working stations (WS) being determined based on the production rate and the process requirements, the number and the length of the process conveyors being determined based on the number of the working stations (WS), the sizes of workpieces (W) and the process requirements, the length of the linear travelling unit (TU) being determined based on the length of the process conveyors and the position of the feeding system (FS) and the unloading system (US), the robots and the linear travelling unit (TU) being controlled by one or a plurality of robot controllers (RC); processing of the tasks for the workpieces (W), each robot travelling on the linear travelling unit (TU) to a pre-defined position for each working station (WS) and performing their tasks as programmed in the recipe of each workpiece (W) positioned on the working stations (WS) on the process conveyors positioned at one or both sides of the linear travelling unit (TU), workpieces (W) of different types and sizes as well as workpieces (W) required to be processed with different combinations of tasks being processed in the robotic production line (RPL) allowing so-called flexible production, workpieces (W) of different types and sizes as well as workpieces (W) required to be processed with different combinations of tasks being fed randomly to the robotic production line (RPL) and processed on the same process conveyors in the same production cycle allowing so-called chaotic production; conveying of the workpieces (W) from the working stations (WS) of the process conveyors to one or a plurality of transferring positions programmed in the recipes if no further tasks to be processed for the workpieces (W) or to the working stations (WS) of the next process conveyor in the conveying direction of the robotic production line (CD) if further tasks to be processed in the next process conveyor; transferring of the workpieces (W) from the transferring position into the unloading system directly by the process conveyors or by the robots after completion of the tasks for each workpiece (W); unloading of the workpieces (W) from the unloading system (US) manually by a human operator or automatically by an auxiliary system or conveying of the workpieces (W) by the unloading system (US) to an existing line. 